A series of experiments at Gatchina, Saclay, Serpukhov and CERN have been
performed where small-angle scattering of pions and nucleons on hydrogen, deuterium, and helium nuclei were studied at intermediate and high energy. A dedicated ionization chamber recoil detector IKAR developed at PNPI was the main part of the experimental setup. The advantage of the applied method was a possibility to measure differential cross sections at small momentum transfers with high absolute accuracy of 1-2%. The differential cross sections of elastic scattering and the analyzing powers have been measured. The total cross sections and the ratios of the real to the imaginary parts for the scalar amplitudes of the studied processes have been found. Experimental upper bounds for the nucleon-nucleon (NN) spin-spin amplitudes have been determined. The obtained experimental data are useful in the NN-scattering phase-shift analyses, and in many cases clarify the problem of the dibaryon resonances which are a matter of interest up to now. Also, the measured hadron-nucleus total cross sections permit to get information on the inelastic shadowing corrections to the cross sections calculated in the framework of the Glauber theory.
(For more detail review see article "Elastic diffraction scattering of hadron on the lightest nuclei " in PNPI report of
the High Energy Physics Division "Main Scientific Activities 1971-1996").
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